Economics Tricks

Treasury securities are one of the safest ways to invest your money and get a stable return. There are some trade-offs to be expected with such a safe return, but the rewards can offset them. Let's take a look at some of the types of treasury securities available and what you can expect from them in terms of safety and return.

The primary treasury security available is the Treasury bill or T-bill, for short. They are issued by the US Department of the Treasury and are sold at a discount from face value. These are generally short term investments that mature in less than one year, and do not pay interest until the maturity date.

Another type of treasury obligation is known as a treasury note. It differs from the Treasury bill in that it matures in two to ten years, and issue interest payments (known as coupon payments) every six months. They are issued with two, five, or ten year maturity dates and have par values of $1,000 to $10,000.

A third type of Treasury security is known as the Treasury bond, and has the longest maturity of all the Treasury securities. The maturity period for these is usually 30 years, and like the Treasury notes, have coupon payments every six months. These are no longer available directly from the Treasury department, as issuance of this type of bond was discontinued in 2001. They are, however, still traded widely on the secondary market and will continue to be until the last one matures in 2031.

A fourth and final type of Treasury security is known as the Treasury Inflation Protected Security or TIPS, for short. This security differs from the other securities in that the principal or par value of the security is adjusted for inflation over the period of maturity. The amount of adjustment is coupled with the Consumer Price Index. As a result, the coupon payments on a TIPS will differ by the amount the principal has been adjusted. This has the end result of protecting the investor against the degrading effects of inflation on the principal value of the investment.

Treasury securities are widely considered to be a very safe investment because they are backed by the US government, the largest economic power in the world. Because of the relative safety of these investments, however, the yield on these securities is low in comparison to other municipal bonds or corporate bonds. The primary goal for someone interested in investing in these securities should be capital preservation rather than growth.